This report examines the NDCs submitted by 15 G20 members by early 2026,focusing on the 2035 targets and their implementation contexts. The analysis ispredominantly descriptive and comparative and is organized around two centralthemes. The first one addresses ambition and implementation, with an emphasis ontransparency, comparability, and a just transition. The second one examines the meansof implementation, including climate finance, conditionality, market-based instruments,technology, andcapacity building. In the case of the United States, however, theinterpretation of the data requires a specific caveat.

The country formalized itswithdrawal from the Paris Agreement in January 2026, thereby ceasing to be legallybound by the regime’s obligations.Thus, although its NDC is part of the empirical universe analyzed, the interpretation ofits targets must take this institutional discontinuity into account, especially regarding thepredictability of its implementation and the potential systemic impacts on the dynamicsof international climate ambition.

The objective of the study is to systematize scatteredand heterogeneous information in order to make patterns, gaps, and asymmetries morevisible —ones that do not immediately emerge from an isolated reading of the NDC.